Working Papers
Illicit financial flows: concepts and first macro estimates for Belgium and its 18 preferred partner countries
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There is a growing awareness that illicit financial flows and the shadow economy might have a substantial impact on the financing of development. This paper provides a disentanglement of the definitions, sources and causes and measurement methodologies used and a first quantitative estimate for the 18 partner countries for development of Belgium. All those studies are in search of a ‘dark figure’ that risks to become, as some scholars call it, ‘facts by repetition’. More than 2 trillion euro undeclared economy in the EU, 1 trillion euro missed tax revenue (download) |
J. Pacolet
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International climate finance to developing countries
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The main objective of this working paper is to take a preliminary look at how climate finance to developing countries has been developing outside the multilateral realm and at times, even independently from states. To this end, we first provided a review of the core concepts used in the academic and policy discourses on global climate finance, and then proceeded by mapping three types of non-multilateral financing initiatives: bilateral, private and hybrid. Bilateral financing initiatives include bilateral development cooperation agencies, bilateral development banks (download) |
A. Marx
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Policy instruments for the Green Climate Fund
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It provides technical support for the Belgian participation to international climate governance bodies, such as the GCF, where Belgium is a Board member since the end of 2014. The specific objectives of the study are to provide a comprehensive overview of the financial instruments that a donor can use to make contributions to the GCF taking into account the aim of the GCF and the institutional context (“upstream financial instruments”), the financial instruments that the Board of the GCF and national and regional intermediaries can use to mobilize private (download) |
K. Bachus
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A Review of critical issues on tax design and tax administration in a global economy and developing countries
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Governments from developing countries have long depended on revenue from foreign aid but the post-2015 international agenda on nancing for development has focused more attention on the importance of domestic-resource mobilization (DRM). In particular, the new framework aims to promote reforms that have the potential to improve government tax revenue in Low Income Countries (LICs). The focus on LICs is motivated by the huge resource gap required to finance development needs in these countries. (download) |
J. Hindriks
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